Controlling mechanism.



No. 874,229. PATENTED DBG. 17, 1907.

J. J. NBP. CONTROLLING MEGHANISM. APPLICATION FILED sBPT.15. 1905.

'UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEioE.

JOHN I. NEF, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORl TO NATIONAL BRAKE AND ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF WISCONSIN.

CON TROLLIN G MECHANISM.

`Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 17', 1907.

Application filed September'15i1905. LSerial No. 278.561.

This invention relates to governors,for.

fluid pressure systems and is applicable par-iI ticularly to governors for compressed air sys-v` tems for' operating the brakes of railway cars."V The object of the invention is to provide a governor for a vl'luid pressure system whichv is simple in construction and positive and reliable in operation, which possesses ample strength and which can be manufactured aty small cost. p ,l Though my improved governor is susceptible of use in various Ways, it is of special vutility in air brake systems for railway cars,

and I will describe it as used in that Way. In such systems, an air compressor 1s employed. driven by an electric motor and supplymg compressed air to a storage reservoirfrom i' which the air is admitted to the brake cylin dors as desired. by the pressure Within the storage reservoir and operates to start or stop the motor driving the'. compressor. Thus, if an electric motor employed, the governor closes the circuit thereof when the pressure within the storage reservoir falls below a predetermined minimum and opens it again when the pres-.y sure is raised by the compressor to a predetermined maximum.

I have illustrated an embodiment of my inventiony in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of the governor, showing the parts of the system in4 which the governor is connected diagrammatically, Fig. 2 is a section of the governor on line 2 View in section on line 3 of Fig. 1.

The electric motor 1 and the driving mech anism 2 associated therewithl serve to cause reciprocation of the piston 3 within the compresser cylinder L1, thereby to force and compress the fluid into the reservoir 5. In systems of this kindit is desirable that thepres- The governor is controlled 2 of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a detail` sure 'within the reservoir be maintained ata ycertain maximum value and .that upon reduction of such pressure by withdrawal of compressed iluid the motor and compressor be automatically started to restore the pressure to its maximum value. The apparatus for accomplishing this control and regulation is embodied within the casi 6.. At one end 'of this casing is the cylindrical extension7 forming the piston chamber 8 and connected through the piping 9 with the reservoir 5.

y A piston head 10 is secured to the end of the piston rod 1'1 and adapted for reciprocation within the piston chamber S. This plston head I"may comprise the cup leather washer 12 secured and clamped between the Washers 13 and 111 by means of the nut 1&5.. "lilac valve stem 11 passes through the opening 16 and the piston chamber communicates with the interior of the=casing through the opening I7. The other end of the pistonV :rod passes into the hollow plug 18 which is screw threaded into the extension 19 and yadapted to be locked in any osition by the leck .mit 20. At an interme iate point on the piston rod is secured the hollow rectangular @mss head 21 surrounding the crank pin T22 rex tendingfrom the crank arm 23 pivote@ 'd10 the pin l2li extending from the base 2:5 off ltlhe casing. One end offy a link 26 is pivoted the free end of the crank arm 23. This `i-,v-

oting may be accomplished by exten" ing the crank pin 22 so that itsl lower end as shown in Fig.2 passes through the biurcated end of the crank armand through ythe end of the link 26. The other end 27 of the link 26 is bifurcated and passes about a pivot pin 28 passing through the upper and lower lugs 29 and 30 extendin from the ycasing wall'. Surrounding this ink 26 is a compression spring 31 abutting against the washer .32 which rests against the curved' front edges 33 of the lugs 29 and 230 and against the pin 34 extending vthrough kthe other end of thev link 26. Thisspringy is adjusted to exert a suitable pressure and when the centers of the pivot pins 28, 2.12 and 24 are in a straight line there `will -be nd turning motion of the crank arm but ifegthe pin 22 be moved a slight distance to eitheriside to carry the pinv center outside ofthe straight line, then the crank arm will be suddenly rotated. or thrust by the cempressing action. of the spring.

. moved to oneside or near the crank arm pivot are the lug the main'v switch VM the motor will be iiiime'- diately started and the compressorfully ac? pressure was Loosely pivotd-to the in 24 above the crank arni 23 as shown in 1g. 2 is the hub 35 carrying lthe switch blade which may consist of the rear part 36 andthe blade part 37 insulated therefrom by insulating strip 38. The blade part 37 is adapted forengagement in the jaws 39 and 40 ofthe terminals 41, 42, respectively, connected throu h conductors 43 and 44 with the motor 1 an with the suply circuit S. The terminals 41and 42 may e assed through the insulating bushings 45 an 46 and clamped in position by clamping denly 'rotate the crank arml to the right nuts 47. Y

The crank arm 23 is provided-with an extension or shoulder 48 to present the points 49 and 50, which points are so positioned with respect to the switch part 36 that when the in center 22 passes to the left of the dea line or center .the oint 49 will strike the art 36 at one side o the pivot to throw the lade 37 into the jaws 39, 40 and when the center of the pin 22 moves to the right of the dead line or center the 'point 50 will strike the part 36 at the otherl side of the pivot 24 to jerk the blade 37 from the jaws 39 and 40. To revent rebound of the switch blade a dea jaw 51 may be secured'to the'casing wall to hold the blade 37. The crank arm is the other of the dead line upon being engaged by either the inner side 52 or the inner side 53 ofA the cross head 21.

To decrease friction a .roller 54 may be mounted on'the crank pin 22 between 4the sides of the cross-head and to afford better guideway and to revent binding, the ends 55 and'56 of the si es 52and 53, respectively, sloped inwardly, as shown.

The luid under pressure from the reservoir 5 entering the piston chamber 8 tends to move the piston head and rod inwardly but this motion is resisted by theicompression spring 57 encircling the piston rod 11 between the cross head and the plug 18. ,The adjustment o this spring 57 with relation to the iston dimensionsis 'such that the cross head) will be moved by the force of the fluid under ressure to carry the crank armvjust beyon the dead line wh'en maximum ressure in the reservoir is reached. The orce of this spring 57- may be varied by screwing 18 inwardly or outwardly.

' T e operation ofthe system is now apparent. If there is no j 4 the crank'pin 22 will e at thel left ofthe deadv line, having been carried here when the switch blade wi therefore have been thrown into 'thejaws 39-and 40 and upon closure of tuated to drive and to compress Huid into the reservoir 5 and through the 'piping 9intc the ressure in the sys'teiri'y reviously exhausted. l Thek enges iston chamber 8. The piston head is moved to carry against the compression of the spring 57 and the roller 54 e aging the sides 55 and 52 the crank arm wil be also moved toward the ri ht. As before explained the spring `57 is a justed so that when maximum pressure is reached in the reservoir and in the piston chamber 8 the crank arm will have been carried by the cross head just beyond the dead line and the spring 31 having then become released may exert-its compression to sudwhereby the point 50 suddenly strikes the switch lade to jerk the blade rom'the jaws 39 and 40 to open the motor circuit, the roller 54V then resting against the sloping side 56 ofthe cross head,l the horizontal component of the force of the com ression sprin 31 beingadded to the thrust o the piston ro against the spring 57. As the reservoir 5 is drawnu on, owever, thepressure is reduced and the orce ofthe spring 57 overpowers the vforce of the spring 31 andthe iuid pressure against the piston .10 as this pressuregradually reduces and when a` certain minimum pressure has been reached the crank arm and the piston rod 11 .toward the right4 nk 26 will have been returned to the left just beyond the dead line, whereupon the compression spring131 will suddenly rotate the crank arm to t e other end of the stroke to thrust the point 49 against the switch blade, which is suddenly thrown into the jaws 39 and 40 to again close the circuit through the motor and the circuit will remain closed until the com ressor has been lactuated a sufficient len t of time to restore the pressure within t e reservoir to its normal value when the crank arm will again be moved beyond a dead center to cause openin motor circuit, and so on. This sudden disconnec-tion of the switch blade from the contact jaws of itself tends deal of sparking but s arking is practicall entirely prevented by lling the casing wit insulating oil as shown in Fig. 2, which covers the contact points and which alsosurrounds the springs and other o erative parts to preserve them a ainst o ation and also keeps yengaging su aces well lubricated. The cas. ing 6 is provided with lugs 58 whereby it may be secured to a su porting floor and at its upper edge is provi ed with threaded lugs 59 for receiving the screws 60 which secure in place the cover 61, the joint between cover and casing being rendered oil tight by means of a: gasket 62. This cover mayl also be pro-4 vide with the vent 63 throng which may escape anygases generated upon breaking of thecircuit at the contact pom'ts. l

The wallswithin the piston8 at the inside of the' piston head are at all timeswell lubriof the' toeliminate a great iis cated by the loil which has access thereto but as the piston chamber at theother side of the.

piston head is not in direct 'communication with the interior of the casing, the lubrication of the walls thereof will depend solely upon the amount of oil which may squeeze by the leather washer 12. The fluid, particularly air, at this side of the piston would be of varyin r temperature and perha s very' warm and t e tendency might be `or the leather to harden. I, therefore, extend the piston 'chamber u wardly a distance, as shown in Fig. 3, to orm a chamber 64`which `is lpartly filled with oil and thus the washer wi 1 be continually immersed in oil and preserved, the body of oil 65 of course moving with the piston head upon vchanges in pressure. 1 This piston extension 7 and extension 19 may be cast integral with the casing.

lThe above described controlling and regulatingmechanism is entirely `direct and mechanical in its o eration, there being no windings present which might be injured or be burned out. The ap )aratus is ver compact and consists of very ew and simp e parts in `which there is practically no deterioration.

' As `before stated, the principles of this invention need'not necessarily be applied to systems in which the motive power isderlved-from an electriamotor as the actuating mechanism may be just as readily utilized for opening or closing controlling valves or circults for gas, steam or other engines. Modifications in the arrangement and cooperation of the various arts may also be made without departing om the scope or spirit of the invention. I do not, therefore, wish' to be limited to the arrangement shown.

I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a fluid pressure governor, the combination of a reciprocating rod, means for moving the same in one direction by fluid preslsure, a spring for moving the rod in the opposite direction, toggle-members pivotally connected at one end, a pivotal support for the other end of one of said members, a support for the other end of the other member permitting axial movement of said member as the toggle is buckled, parts on said rod adapted to engage the toggle when the rod is reciprocated and between which the toggle can move free of the rod, a spring acting on the toggle to continue movement thereof started by one of said rts, a movable circuit-controller indepen( ently pivoted on said pivotal support for one of the members of the toggle, 'and a loose connection between said toggle-member and controller whereby the former actuates the latter when operated by the spring acting thereon, substantially as set forth. l

2. In a fluid pressure governor, the ,combination of a casing, a rod mounted to reciprocate therein, a piston on the rod, means within the casing for moving the rod in one direction by fluid pressure on said piston and in the other by a spring, toggle-ineml'iers within the casing pivo'tally connected at one end, a pivotal support for the other end of one of said members, a support for the other end of the other member 'permitting axial movement of said member as the toggle is buckled, parts on said rod adapted to engage the toggle when the rod is reciprocated and between which thetoggle can move free of the rod, a spring acting on the toggle to continue movement thereof started b one of said. parts, a movable circuit-contro ler within the casing independently pivoted on said pivotal suport for one of the members of the toggle, a oose connection between said toggle-member and controller whereby the former actuates the latter when operated by the spring acting thereon, and oil within the casing submerging said parts, substantially as set forth.

3. In a fluid pressure governor, the combination of a easing having an integral cylindrical extension, a piston reciprocating in said extension, a rod secured to said piston andextending across the casing, a spring for moving said rod in one direction, a toggle mounted within the casing, parts on said rod adapted to engage said toglfle and spaced apart to permit movement thereof between t em, a spring tending to buckle the toggle, a movable circuit-controller within the casing actuated by said toggle, and oil in said casing submerging the parts therein and in said extension on both sides of the piston. therein, substantially as set forth.

4. In a fluid pressure governor, the combination of a reciprocating rod, means formoving said rod in one direction. by fluid pressure,

a spring for moving the rod in the opposite direction, toggle members pivotally connected at one end, a pivotal support for the other end of one of said members, a support for the other end of the other member permitting axial movement of said member as the toggle is buckled, parts on said rod adapted to engage the toggle when the rod is reciprocated and between which the toggle can move free of the rod, a spring tending to buckle the toggle, and a movable circuit-controller operated by the toggle, substantially as set forth.

- 5. In a fluid pressure governor, the ycombination. of a reciprocating rod, means for moving said rod in one direction by fluid pressure, a spring for moving the rod in the opposite direction, to gle-members pivotally connected. at one en a ivotal support for the other end of one of Sai members, a support for the .other end of the 4other member permitting axial movement of said member as the toggle is buckled, parts on said rod adapted to engage the toggle when the rod is reciprocated and between which the toggle can move free of the rod, a spring tending to buckle the toggle, a movable circuit-controller mounted on said pivotal support independentlyof the toggle-member t controller and toggleemember brou ht into 5 engagement by buckling the toggle 1n either direction to etuate said cireu1t`controller,

substantially es set forth.

Ingwitness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 7th day of September A. D.,

'JOHN J. NEF'..

ereon, and parts 4on said 1905.

Witnesses:

CHARLES J. SCHMIDT, LEON-ARD W. NovANDEB. 

